Renewable Energy: Tucson Electric Power to end use of coal-generated electricity by 2032
In a dramatic policy shift, Tucson Electric Power says it will stop using coal to generate electricity by 2032 and will increase renewable energy’s share of its energy load to more than 70% by 2035.
As part of that change, the utility will stop buying electricity from its two units at its coal-fired Springerville Generating Station by 2032. The plant, TEP’s biggest power source, provides about 35% of its energy.
The utility already had planned to start up two New Mexico wind farms and a solar storage plant in the Tucson area by next year. The new plan calls for adding an additional 2,000 megawatts of renewable energy capacity by 2035. The utility’s switch from fossil fuels is spelled out in the plan, submitted to the Arizona Corporation Commission. Called an Integrated Resource Plan, it would reduce TEP’s carbon dioxide emissions 80% by 2035 compared with 2005 levels. The plan drew generally positive reviews from a number of environmentalists and other representatives of an advisory committee that had worked with TEP for a year.
Two commissioners, Chairman Bob Burns and Tucsonan Lea Marquez Peterson, also generally praised the plan, although they held off on final judgment.
University of Arizona researchers said the plan would likely meet the utility’s share of the worldwide goal of holding down global temperatures to less than 2 degrees Celsius, or about 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit, above pre-industrial levels. But a representative of AARP and the Pima Council on Aging expressed concern because the plan would require 1% annual electric rate increases a year to put into effect. Officials in the eastern Arizona town of Springerville aren’t happy. And Sierra Club official Sandy Bahr said the plan doesn’t move fast enough to get TEP off coal. She listed 14 separate units of various Western coal-fired plants that are scheduled to shut down sooner than 2032, many in the 2020s.
But TEP says the plan best balances costs and environmental benefits compared with 24 others it reviewed.
“We know our customers want safe, reliable energy from resources that are both affordable and environmentally responsible. TEP’s 2020 Integrated Resource Plan will help us maintain that delicate balance,” TEP CEO David Hutchens wrote in the forward to the plan.
The plan isn’t legally binding but is aimed at sending a signal to regulators and the public about TEP’s future direction. TEP and other regulated Arizona utilities update such plans every three years. TEP has been one of the West’s more fossil-fuel-friendly utilities. It stuck with coal even as many other utilities were moving away from it, and as the Sierra Club called on utilities to move beyond what it termed a highly polluting energy source that emits large quantities of heat-trapping greenhouse gases linked by scientists to global warming.
Last year, TEP got 13% of its electricity from renewables such as wind farms and solar plants along with photovoltaic solar panels atop individual homes. Fossil fuels coal and natural gas supplied the rest, a University of Arizona study paid for by TEP found.
ECONOMICS, NOT JUST EMISSIONS, A BIG FACTOR
TEP’s previous resource plan, from 2017, called for boosting renewable use to 30% by 2030 and to cut coal to 38% of its electric load by then from 69% in 2017. A TEP official said last week the utility is heading in a different direction not only due to concerns about greenhouse gas emissions but because of changing economics.
“For the last several decades, coal was the most economical resource. It was the lowest-cost resource to supply energy for our customers, and it wasn’t really close,” said Jeff Yockey, TEP’s resource planning director.
But over the past few years, first natural gas prices and more recently solar and wind energy prices have fallen dramatically, he said. Their prices are projected to keep falling, along with the cost of battery-fueled storage of solar energy for use when the sun is down, he said.
“Coal just isn’t the most economical resource” now, Yockey said.
Yet the utility still needs, for now, the extra energy capacity that coal provides, he said.
“Being a utility with no nuclear or hydro(electric) energy, with coal, there is reliability, a fuel on the ground, 30 or 90 days supply,” he said. “It’s the only source not subject to disruption in the next hour. It’s our only long-term, stable fuel supply. Over time, we will be able to overcome that.”
TEP paid the UA $100,000 to have three researchers prepare two reports, one comparing 24 different proposals and a second comparing TEP’s fossil fuel/renewable split with those of other utilities. Also, the utility appointed an advisory council representing environmental, business and government interests that met regularly to guide TEP in producing the plan. The utility chose a preferred energy “portfolio,” Yockey said.
The goal “was very much about basically achieving significant emissions reductions as quickly as we can and as cost effectively as we can,” he said. TEP wanted the biggest cumulative emission cut possible over 15 years.
“If it was just about cost, we wouldn’t have selected the portfolio that we selected. It wasn’t the lowest cost portfolio.”
UA assistant research professors Ben McMahan and Will Holmgren said combined carbon dioxide emission reductions from TEP’s new plan over 15 years would be expected to hit the Paris accord’s 2-degree target.
“There is considerable uncertainty about what will happen between now and 2050, but the preferred portfolio’s early start on reductions and lowest cumulative emissions is certainly a positive sign that well below 2C is achievable,” the researchers said in an email.
ENVIRONMENTALISTS PLEASED, BUT SOME WANT COAL CUT SOONER
The Sierra Club, Western Resource Advocates, the Southwest Energy Efficiency Project and Pima County offered varying degrees of praise for the new TEP plan. In a memo, County Administrator Chuck Huckelberry congratulated TEP for “the comprehensive, inclusive and transparent process” used to develop the plan.
Because of UA’s involvement, TEP’s advisory council and the public “can feel confident that the utility is on track to make significant progress in curbing greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change,” Huckelberry wrote.
The TEP plan “is the most aggressive commitment to reducing emissions by a utility in Arizona,” said Autumn Johnson of Western Resource Advocates in a news release.
“Adding clean energy generation and storage while accelerating the retirement of coal units will ensure a healthier and better future for Arizonans,” said Johnson, an energy policy analyst in Phoenix.
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